When the level of carbon monoxide (it is a poisonous gas produced by combustion) crosses the specified limit, it indicates and triggers the fire alarm system. It is an electronic device which contains on different types of sensors used to measure and sense the amount of carbon monoxide gas in the air. Carbon Monoxide DetectorsĬarbon monoxide detector is also known as CO detector. The same process will trigger the alarm circuit in case fire. The process is same like the working of a fuse where fuse element melts when needed. In case of heat rise to the pre-set value, the eutectic alloy inside the heat detector (which is heat sensitive to the specific temperature) turns from a solid to the liquid. Hear detectors work based on the rate of change in temperature or a specific value of a fixed temperature rate. This variation in the output receiving by photocell is used to trigger the alarm circuit. When the smoke interferes the light beam from the light source to the photocell, it measures the amount of light it receives from the light source.
Inside the light obscuring smoke detector chamber, the light source and photocell are positioned at fixed distance. Light obscuring smoke detectors work based on measuring the amount of light falling on the surface of a photocell. This effect is used to imitate and trigger the alarm system. When smoke enters the chamber, it distorts the chamber environment which leads to scatter the light and fall on the surface of photocell. Light scattering smoke detectors work based on Tindal effect (it is an effect of scattering of light when light beam passes through a colloid (a homogeneous (a substance that is consistent or uniform throughout its volume) mixture in which the dispersed particles do not settle out).Ī light source and a photocell are fixed in a darkened chamber where direct light doesn’t fall on the surface of photocell. The drop in the current flow is used to trigger the sounder and alarm circuit. In case of fire when smoke enters the chamber, the current flow between two electrodes reduced due to ionize air. The first chamber is used to compensate the changes in ambient temperature, pressure or humidity while, there are alpha particles (radioactive material) in second chamber which is used to ionize the passing air in the chamber where current flows between two electrodes. There are two chambers in a typical ionization smoke detector. Ionization Smoke detectors work based on lowering the current flow through the inside chamber due to ionization which leads to initiate the alarm. The main purpose of a fire alarm system is to protect the wealth, health and life of individual or society. in case of emergency, the sounders will operate to warn the people around to evocative via general or emergency exit. Different types of fire alarm system such as conventional, addressable, intelligent and smart wireless designs are used for the same purpose i.e.
#FIRE SYSTEM DESIGNER MANUAL#
Like a CPU (central processing unit) in a computer system, the fire alarm control panel is the brain of fire alarm system which sends a status indication and notification to the connected detectors and sounders in case of manual or automatic operation.įire alarm systems are wired in industrial factories, offices, public buildings and nowadays even in homes. Wiring of Intelligent Fire Alarm SystemĪ fire alarm system is a mechanism of different interconnected devises and components used to alert us in case of emergency especially fire to protect the staff and general public by taking appropriate actions.įire alarm system is the combination of different components such as smoke detector, heat detector, carbon monoxide detector, multi sensor detector, call points, sounders, bells, relay module, repeater, annunciator, fire control panel and other related and optional security devices designed for fire alarm control system.Wiring of Addressable Fire Alarm System.Wiring of Conventional Fire Alarm System.Wiring Diagram of Heat Detector in Home (AC).Types of Fire Alarm Systems with Wiring Diagrams.
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